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A knee replacement is an artificial device that is placed in place of a worn, worn and damaged knee joint and allows it to function functionally by mimicking the movement of the natural joint.
Knee prostheses are applied to patients who have lost their function or become limited in movement due to knee joint degenerative diseases, serious injuries or chronic conditions. These prostheses aim to improve the patient’s quality of life and enable him to perform his daily activities more comfortably and effectively.
Knee Replacement Surgery
Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace a damaged or worn knee joint with an artificial joint called a prosthesis.
Target in knee replacement surgery; by cutting contact between the distorted joint surfaces; it is a pain-free joint that can walk as much as it wants and climb stairs.
This procedure is a treatment to relieve knee pain, restore mobility and improve quality of life. Knee replacement surgery is usually performed in people who have knee joint problems, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or traumatic injuries.
Types of Knee Replacement
Total Knee Replacement
Total knee replacement is one of the most common types of dentures in which the entire knee joint is replaced. This prosthesis consists of two parts that are placed in the upper part of the thigh bone and the lower part of the lower leg bone. The durability and longevity of total knee replacement have been proven. For this reason, total knee replacement is preferred more than other types of prosthesis.
Half-Knee Replacement
A semi-knee replacement is a type of prosthesis in which only part of the knee joint is replaced. This prosthesis is usually replaced by only the damaged cartilage part, and the tissues that are intact are preserved. A semi-knee replacement can allow the patient to recover faster with an operation with fewer incisions and interventions. However, the strength and longevity of the prosthetic joint is slightly lower compared to total knee replacement.
What Diseases is Knee Replacement Used For?
Knee replacement is a condition known as forward joint wear, cartilage wear or calcification among the public. The ends of the bones are covered with cartilage, which is a hard, smooth and shiny tissue. Advancing age, infection, trauma and rheumatic diseases cause erosion in the cartilage tissue. The wear or tear of the cartilage structure together with the rubbing of the bones together is defined as calcification. There are many reasons for joint wear.
- Knee replacement can be applied in fractures caused by past accidents that disrupt the joint.
- In most patients who have knee replacement, the cause of deterioration is primary knee wear, which is unknown.
- In rheumatoid arthritis-related disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, knee replacement may be applied.
- Knee replacement treatment can be applied in cartilage abrasions that occur with the deterioration of the joint as a result of passed infectious diseases.
- Knee prosthesis can be applied in patients whose pain caused by the erosion of the cartilage in the knee, restriction of movement, friction, noise from the knee, difficulty in walking, and other treatments that cannot be obtained from the problems.
How is Knee Replacement Surgery Planned?
Before surgery, a thorough evaluation is performed, which may include physical examinations, X-rays, MRI scans, and interviews with your orthopedic surgeon to determine the severity of your knee and whether a knee replacement is the appropriate treatment. If the patient is taking medication, they should stop taking these medications before surgery.
Knee replacement surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia: Regional anesthesia that numbs the lower half of your body while you are fully asleep or while you are awake: Spinal or epidural anesthesia.
The orthopedic surgeon makes an incision on the knee joint, removes the damaged cartilage and bone, and then shapes the bone to accommodate the artificial joint. The artificial joint is then attached to the bone by pressing it using special surgical cement or, in some cases, without cement.
The artificial knee joint consists of metal and plastic components. Typically femoral: Thigh bone and tibial: A metal alloy is used for the thigh bone components, while a high-density plastic is used for the spacer that enters between them. Some new designs may also include ceramic components. The choice of materials depends on individual factors and the surgeon’s preference.
Once the artificial joint is securely placed in place, the surgeon closes the incision with stitches or staples. After the operation, patients are monitored in the compilation room before being transferred to the hospital room. Physical therapy and rehabilitation usually begin immediately after surgery to help patients regain their mobility and strength.
After surgery, patients are given pain medications, antibiotics to prevent infection, and instructions for post-operative care. The length of hospital stay and the extent of rehabilitation vary depending on the person and the type of knee replacement.
Knee replacement surgery can significantly improve a person’s quality of life by reducing pain and restoring mobility. However, to achieve the best possible result, it is important to follow the surgeon’s post-operative care instructions, including regular follow-up appointments and physical therapy.
Knee replacement surgery is an important procedure, and as with any surgery, there are risks and potential complications. It is important that you thoroughly discuss the procedure with your orthopedic surgeon, understand the potential benefits and risks, and have realistic expectations about the outcome.
Your orthopedic surgeon will work with you to determine if knee replacement surgery is the right option for your specific situation.
How is knee replacement surgery performed?
Knee replacement surgery is performed with open surgery. In knee replacement surgery, first the damaged, worn and worn joint surfaces are cleaned. Knee cap is not removed in knee replacement surgery. Remove the areas at the ends of the bones and put prostheses on the bone.
During knee replacement surgery, a barrier is placed between the deteriorated surfaces. This barrier is knee replacement. In order for the knee to function as before, it is placed on the thigh bone called the upper femur and the shin bone called the tibia at the bottom.
Thanks to the prosthesis placed on both bone ends, bone contact is interrupted and pain is eliminated. After surgery, a scar of 7-12 cm remains in the knee area.
What Are The Advantages of Knee Replacement?
- The drastic reduction of pain caused by damage to the knee joint allows patients to perform their daily activities more comfortably and comfortably.
- The natural mobility provided by the prosthetic joint helps patients perform basic activities such as walking, climbing stairs, sitting and standing easily.
- Along with physiotherapy after knee replacement surgery, patients can return to their former active lives and participate in activities such as sports.
- Thanks to their longevity, knee prostheses offer patients a durable solution for many years.